The White Armies

This section groups material on the White armies that aren't Cossack or associated with an independent national state.

Uniforms and Flags

General Information

Information that applies to all the White armies.

General information on White Uniforms

Shoulderboards

Sources on White uniforms

Imperial flags

White Army flags

Adding colour to your White Armies without having only elite units.

Some terms used in the text, including how I have chosen to translate various Russian words

Southern Russia

Various units of the Volunteer Army, Armed Forces of South Russia and Russian Army from the 2nd Kuban Campaign till the evacuation of the Crimea. What we know of uniforms and flags for a variety of units, with some historical background information.

Uniforms of the Whites in South Russia

Eastern Russia

Hopefully coming soon.

Northwestern Russia

Information about the White units operating on the Petrograd front.

Uniforms of the North-Western Army

Semirech'e

Ataman Annenkov's Semirechensk Army mixed Cossacks and regulars (and indeed, tribal forces as well).

The Ataman Annenkov Partisan Division.

The Don

The Don Host had several units that were not Cossack.

The Finlankski Regiment.

Other regular units in the Don army.

Other Material

Organisation

The organisation of the standard White divisions is in the Tables of Organisation page.

Some orders of battle are given.

History

The History section has information on:

Bulak-Bulakhovich

The Semirechensk

The early Volunteer Army and the Ekaterinoslav March

The NorthWestern Theatre

The Whites in China and Mongolia

Crimea in early 1919

The Astrakhan' Campaign

Kolchak's 1919 attack on Orenburg

Operations of the Ural Cossack Host

Dobrynin's history of the Don Host

Some material on the 1918 "Railway War" period

Memoirs

First hand accounts by soldiers of the White armies, journalists or observers.

Ludovic Grondijs in Siberia.

Sergei Mamontov in the Kuban, South Russia and Crimea.

Various men in the Crimea in 1919.

Various cavalrymen are here.

Various others are here.